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Google Cloud’s primary database for NoSQL document data is Firestore. Firestore is designed to store, sync, and query data for mobile, web, and server development. It supports real-time data synchronization and offers a flexible, scalable database structure that allows developers to easily design complex data models without needing to define a strict schema.

With Firestore, developers benefit from features such as automatic scaling, built-in security, and offline support, making it a powerful choice for applications that require a document-oriented database. It is especially effective for applications that involve a mix of structured and unstructured data, which is a defining characteristic of document databases.

Other database services within Google Cloud, such as Bigtable, Cloud SQL, and Datastore, serve different use cases and may not function as primarily document-oriented databases. For instance, Bigtable is optimized for high-throughput and low-latency access to large datasets, primarily for time-series data, while Cloud SQL supports structured data using SQL databases. Datastore, while also a NoSQL database, focuses more on key-value and entity-based models than on document-centric designs like Firestore.